Estimation of cancer burden in Brezice municipality, a community neighboring Krsko nuclear power plant in Slovenia.

AIM To evaluate cancer risk in Brezice municipality in the period 1984-2003 and compare it with the period 1970-1983, before Krsko nuclear power plant started operating in the vicinity. METHODS A descriptive geographical epidemiological study was performed to compare the cancer relative risks (RR) on the national, regional, and local level. We estimated RR for all cancers combined, the five most common cancer sites, and thyroid cancer and leukemias. Standardized incidence ratio (SIR) was used as RR indicator. If the number of cancer cases was small, raw SIRs were smoothed by Bayesian hierarchical model. RESULTS The number of new cancer cases, as well as the estimated RR for all and individual cancer sites, increased in the period 1984-2003 in Brezice municipality and all over Slovenia. In the period 1984-2003, SIR for all cancers combined in Brezice was below the national and regional average, but RR for colorectal and cervical cancer was above this average. There were no evident clusters of districts with higher/lower RR within Brezice municipality in the period 1984-2003. RR of thyroid cancer and leukemias in Brezice was comparable with Slovenian average both in this period and before it. CONCLUSION The obvious increase in cancer burden in Brezice municipality cannot be associated with Krsko nuclear power plant, but most likely with unhealthy lifestyle.